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Expansion of the Canada–U.S. Safe Third Country Agreement (STCA) across the Entire Land Border

Validated finding · five-country-2010-20260922-v118-evidence-presentation-fix

CountryCanada
Operative dateMarch 25, 2023
CategoryAsylum and refugee protection / border control
Policy toolSafe third country rule / ineligibility referral / removal enforcement
Affected groupIrregular border crossers / asylum seekers

Policy effect

Amends the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations to implement the Additional Protocol to the STCA. Applies the safe third country principle across the entire 8,891 km Canada–U.S. land border and designated internal waterways, rendering claimants who enter Canada between official ports of entry and make an asylum claim within 14 days ineligible to refer the claim to the Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB), subject to exceptions.

Conditions and exceptions

Validated condition or limit: land border and designated internal waterways, rendering claimants who enter Canada between official ports of entry and make an asylum claim within 14 days ineligible to refer the claim to the Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB), subject to exceptions.

Official source excerpt

Quoted verbatim from the official source below. Ellipses indicate omitted text.

1 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order: stateless person means a person who is not considered a national by any state under the operation of its law. (apatride) 3 (1) Paragraph 159.4(1)(a) of the Regulations is replaced by the following: (a) subject to subsection (1.1), a location that is not a port of entry; (2) Section 159.4 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after subsection (1): Exception — land border other than ports of entry (1.1) Paragraph 101(1)(e) of the Act applies to a claimant who enters Canada at a location along the Canada – United States land border — including the waters along or across that border — that is not a port of entry and makes a claim for refugee protection less than 14 days after the day on which the claimant enters Canada unless the claimant establishes that any of paragraphs 159.5(a) to (h) applies to the claimant. 4 The portion of section 159.5 of the Regulations before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following: Non-application — claimants at land ports of entry 159.5 Paragraph 101(1)(e) of the Act does not apply if a claimant who seeks to enter Canada at a location other than one identified … in paragraphs 159.4(1)(a) to (c) establishes that 5 The portion of section 159.6 of the Regulations before paragraph (a) is replaced by the following: Non-application — claimants at land ports of entry and in transit 159.6 Paragraph 101(1)(e) of the Act does not apply if a claimant establishes that the claimant Coming into Force 6 These Regulations come into force on the day on which the Additional Protocol to the Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Canada for Cooperation in the Examination of Refugee Status Claims from Nationals of Third Countries … international communications, and social media campaigns to correct misinformation, as well as increased promotion of alternative pathways. These measures were not sufficient to curb the rise in the number of asylum claims by irregular arrivals. Following negotiations with the U.S., both countries signed an additional protocol to the STCA (the Protocol). The Protocol expands the application of the STCA to individuals who make an asylum claim within 14 days of crossing in between POEs along the land border, including internal waterways. Objective The objectives of these changes to the IRPR are to apply … anyone who enters in between POEs along the Canada-U.S. land border and makes a claim for asylum within 14 days. This includes internal waterways, like lakes and rivers, that run along and across the shared border. Both individuals who cross regularly and irregularly will now be returned to the U.S. unless they meet an exception or exemption to the STCA. Amendments are also being made to clarify the definition of stateless person, who is exempt from the STCA, and the authority of immigration officers to allow individuals determined ineligible under the STCA to have their claim redetermined if … Réfugiés - Protocole additionnel à l'Accord entre le Gouvernement du Canada et le Gouvernement des États-Unis d'Amérique pour la coopération en matière d'examen des demandes de statut de réfugié présentées par des ressortissants de pays tiers Titre de la série Treaty series = Recueil des traités ; 2023/3 Type de publicationMonographie - Voir l'enregistrement principal LangueBilingue-[Anglais | Français] FormatTexte numérique Document électronique Voir FR4-2023-3.pdf (PDF, 711 Ko). Description parallèle[Anglais] Note(s) « Fait à Ottawa le 29 mars 2022 et à Washington le 15 avril 2022. En vigueur le 25 mars 2023. » Numérotation répétée sur les pages suppléants. Texte en anglais et en français. Information sur la publication [Ottawa] : Treaty Law Division of the Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development = Direction du droit des traités du Ministère des affaires étrangères, du commerce et du développement, [2023] ©2023 Description1 ressource en ligne (3, 3 pages). ISBN9780660683713 Numéro de catalogue FR4-2023/3-PDF Descripteurs Réfugiés -- Droit -- Canada -- Législation. Réfugiés -- Droit -- États-Unis -- Législation. Droit d'asile -- Canada -- Législation. Droit d'asile -- États …
Government of Canada (Public Works and Government Services Canada)Canada Gazette, Part II, Volume 157, Number 8: Regulations Amending the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations (Examination of Eligibility to Refer Claim).; SOR/2023-58, Regulations Amending the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations (Examination of Eligibility to Refer Claim), Canada Gazette, Part II, Vol. 157, No. 8.Open official source
Retrieved from https://gazette.gc.ca/rp-pr/p2/2023/2023-04-12/html/sor-dors58-eng.html

Review method

Two separate automated exact-claim source reviews

Automated source validation is not independent human legal review. The finding should not be treated as legal advice. Record fcp3-378249ce1093b753200b. Something wrong? Flag this record.

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